Fuel, Oil, Combustion, & Corrosion 

          This article is printed with permission of its author, Mr. Neil Tidey, the designer and manufacturer of those magnificent world famous LASER engines. 

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~  

The engine in your motorcar has a 4-stroke engine. A pump circulates the oil through an oil filter. The oil has many additives to combat the effects of products of combustion and improve other properties.  

Motor oils are manufactured to high standards and the type of oil to be use in your car will be specified. The engine is unlikely to suffer from rust if standard maintenance is carried out. The engine is fitted into a carefully designed environment and engine management systems look after things like fuel mixtures and detonation. There will be some people that always have more problems than others, this is simply because we all drive differently.  

Lubrication of our model 4-stroke engines is through oil passing the piston ring and the oil you put into the engine after or before running the engine.

Some by-products of combustion are included in the oil that passes the rings. These include acids and water and some neat fuel. The most potent acid is nitric acid which is produced from nitromethane. If you run on fuel without nitromethane you eliminate this cause of corrosion.  

Methanol can contain water through absorbsion and water is also a product of combustion. It produces a mild acid when burnt. The crankcase heat will reduce the possibility of condensation of water and the possibility of rust; an engine running at tickover will create more condensation than one run flat out. The thicker sections of the Laser crankcase encourage a higher transfer of heat to the crankcase and this further reduces the problems.  

Rust is not in the crankcase initially, it is caused by the products of combustion and the lack of preventative maintenance.  

Using 2-stroke motor oil as an after run dilutes the acids in the crankcase and reduces the harmful effects. The reason for using 2-stroke oil is that it is a motor oil and has high pressure characteristics. It is also designed to pass through a combustion chamber. The oil used in the fuel would also be good but most are too thick and would not distribute very well in the crankcase.  

Products such as WD 40 consist mainly of a solvent, this dilutes the oil and unless drained out of the crankcase or allowed to evaporate could cause seizure. Imagine filling you car sump up with WD 40.

Small 2-stroke engines are lubricated with oil in the fuel. The bearings in the engine are generally roller or ball bearings as the oil is very diluted and the quantity is small. Petrol contributes to the lubrication which is why a higher percentage of oil is used for methanol burning engines. Larger high performance 2-strokes use a separate high pressure lubrication system; the oil is not mixed with the fuel. Don't be fooled, methanol and nitromethane also cause corrosion in 2-stroke engines.  

Castor oil is an excellent high pressure lubricant and will stand very high temperatures before breaking down. Being a natural product, quality varies and you do not know the quality used in your brand of model fuel (poor means cheap). Castor oil produces lacquer and carbon. These build up on the surfaces of the engine and prevent the acids getting to the surface. They also reduce the clearance, create friction, and cause the engine to overheat. Carbon deposits create hot spots in the combustion chamber and cause detonation. Detonation causes huge stresses in the engine and something breaks.  

Synthetic oils do not create carbon or lacquer, are excellent lubricants, but do not tolerate abuse as well as castor. By abuse I mean allowing the engine to overheat or insufficient lubrication. Causes of overheating are another subject.  

Oils may have additives to combat corrosion; these will be better in some fuels than others. Morgan Coolpower fuels now seem particularly good. 1 to 2% castor may have a beneficial effect added to synthetic fuels. 

For my own engines I use ML70 oil (not available in every country). I do not use nitromethane except for test purposes and have never experienced any significant corrosion problem. I do lubricate each engine with 2-stroke oil before flying after a lay up longer than a few weeks. It is also worthwhile to lubricate before lay up.  

By lubricate, I mean fill the engine up through the breather nipple on a 4-stroke or through the carburetor on a 2-stroke. Turn the engine over and  point it in different directions to circulate the oil. Before flying, let it drain back through the nipple or carb. With most engines, you will get an increase in rpm. If you have not done it before - try.  

Enough for now!                       

Neil Tidey                                                                                        http://www.laserengines.com  

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Lyman’s comments: I don’t know if the “ML70” oil Neil refers to is available here in the Colonies. However, as stated in my “Care and Feeding of Four-Strokes” article suggests, the use of Marvel Air Tool Oil (MATO) is strongly suggested for use as an after-run oil. For “Lay Up” use a 50/50 mix of MATO and automobile transmission fluid (ATF).